ow our memory works is still a mystery. We know where memories are stored, we can literally point out parts of our brain responsible for that. But the answer to a question of how it actually works still eludes scientists. They know some, they assume some but they can't be really certain. It is possible that artists might help to find an answer.

It is them who, using their intuition, gut feeling, some mysterious insight into things that remain mystery for most of us, are able to point out some directions for where we should look for answers. For me a particularly important clue comes from Karl Ove Knausgård:

Memory is not a quantifiable value in human life. Simply because our memories are not a perfect reflection of truth. What and how we remember is not directly based on facts. We remember what is good for us. Memory is quite pragmatic, tricky, it might not be malicious or treacherous but it does everything possible to satisfy its host not necessarily reflecting the truth. It sends some elements into the deepest ends of the memory, others it twists so much that they are nothing like the original facts, some others are kept but completely misunderstood, and few, very few are kept in their original shape. The point is that we never get to decide which facts are to be kept in the best possible way and which are not.

Karl Ove Knausgård, My struggle. Part three, translated by Iwona Zimnicka, Kraków 2015, p.17

Keith Louis Eichmann

Knowing that please ask yourself what do you remember about Bullet Plugs. For many of you this name does not even ring a bell – it is perfectly normal. Those who are familiar with the name probably can't really remember anything more about it. Most (among those familiar with the name) will remember that these are RCA plugs, used for analogue and digital interconnects, that use minimal quantity of metal, with signal and ground wires having only a single contact point each with a socket. Shortly after these plugs entered market many manufacturers realized that they improved the sound of cables featuring them so many of them started to use them. Even such big fishes as WBT were effected by Bullet Plugs – these changed their approach to connections. As result WBT designed new type of plugs and sockets – we know them as NextGen. Later other manufacturers followed, like Mundorf and Furutech, for example. Today massive, metal sockets are not synonymous with „high class” anymore, they just indicate an approach a manufacturer using them prefers.

Bullet Plugs were designed by Keith Louis Eichmann, and Australian scientist and were released in 1999. Today it might seem that the idea itself was very simple. But as any other simple solution also this one is ingenious in its simplicity, even more so because nobody had done anything like that before. Some time later company Eichmann Technologies, that offered these plugs and finished cables disappeared for the market. The patent for the plugs was later utilized by ETI Research (test HERE), and today by another company KLE Innovations, a new enterprise by Keith Eichmann and Patricia Eichmann. Let me remind you that, for example, Kuzma use these plugs for their tonearm cables.

Rob Woodland

I like Keith Eichmann's (aka KL) idea from the very beginning. I tested plugs in both, copper and silver versions, and later also cables and anti-vibration elements always right after they were released. Credit for that goes to Rob Woodland, an Australian audio distributor, audiophile, music lover, and designer, who, at the time, propagated news about Mr Eichmann's invention all over the world. For years we've been exchanging emails and finally we managed to meet during one of the Munich High End Shows. Unfortunately I can't remember exactly which one.

In 2005 just out of the blue Rob sold his company and seemed to disappear from the face of the world. Until this year that is when he sent me an email which brought all the above mentioned facts to my mind. This time Rob took on making of digital cable, a USB one to be exact and a one that, he claims, offers certain advantages over other products. And yet it is reasonably priced. This cable made by Rob is branded Curious.

ROB WOODLAND
Owner, designer

WOJCIECH PACUŁA: Please tell us about your history.
ROB WOODLAND: I was involved in electronics from a very early age. In primary school at the age of nine or ten, I looked after the school’s PA system. That set the scene for later life when I built loudspeakers and turntable bases during my university days. I was Queensland distributor for Mission loudspeakers in the seventies, spent a year setting up a Hi-Fi shop in Brisbane in 1982, and then moved into organizing Hi-Fi shows during the eighties.

In the late nineties I met inventor Keith Eichmann, who had a unique design for an RCA plug. I licensed Keith’s technology and set about manufacturing and distributing the Bullet Plug and other Eichmann creations – cables and resonance control devices. I caught the inventing bug myself and designed the CablePod (binding post) and Bayonet Plug (banana plug) based on sound quality as the primary concern. I sold the business in 2005 and am now semi-retired, building loudspeakers and DACs – and enjoying life as a DIY audiophile and music lover.

How did you start thinking about USB cable?
A few years ago I moved to a computer-based music source. There is no doubt this is the future for music reproduction – but it took several years of fine tuning to get the performance I was looking for. I changed the power supply, footers under the server, PCI card and software, but still had a slightly flat and lifeless sound. It had to be better. That’s when I started to look at the USB cables. Many people will tell you that USB cables can’t make a difference, but I had a variety of wires on hand, so I started experimenting. And what do you know? Every wire combination I tested had a varying impact on sound quality.

I also started to evaluate high-end USB cable designs. And while these cables delivered more detail than standard USB printer cables, they still sounded flat and two-dimensional. So began a 12 month quest to discover a USB cable design that would deliver a truly three dimensional, musical sound – like the real thing. I left no stone unturned. I tested different diameters of wire, different metallurgy, shielding, dielectrics, ground techniques, how to deal with the 5V power leg and so on. All the time listening.

And after a while I built up a set of parameters for a USB cable that worked for the delivery of music, rather than just delivery of data. So – the enquiring mind came to the fore. Hence the name “Curious”.

What is the biggest problem with USB transmission?
The first problem is that we treat USB in relation to its role in computing – in delivery of data at high speed – rather than in its role in an audio system delivering music. I believe these require different thinking.
For example, one high-end cable I evaluated claims to be the fastest cable on the market. And yet, it doesn’t sound very good. It has plenty of detail – but the sound stage is two dimensional, with a lack of separation between instruments. So, “speed” of data delivery may not be essential for music reproduction.

The other problem is what I call a “reactionary” problem. USB operates in a noisy environment within the computer server. Many cable designers react to this noise by going to extraordinary lengths to shield the data wires. However, USB carries the signal in differential mode that allows noise to be canceled at the receiving end – in a similar manner to “balanced” analog cables. In my experiments, shielding of data wires introduces more problems than it solves. In saying that, I do believe in shielding for the 5V power leg and the ground leg.

Why engineers deny importance of good USB cables – they all think that it is irrelevant.
Engineers work on delivery of “data” via USB, and this includes speed of delivery. Packets of data should arrive in tact from one end of the cable to the other. And this is correct for most areas of computing. I have no argument here.

However, delivery of “music” in the form of data packets appears to require a different protocol. It may be a result of jitter. It may be transmission of noise on the ground. It may be capacitive reactance resulting in differential mode noise. All these factors can mess with the sound. What I do know is that USB cables make an audible difference - so I’ve worked hard to develop a USB cable that delivers beautiful music.

Do you think that hi-res file playing is mature already? Computer or dedicated player?
We’re still in early days when it comes to HD music. Over coming years we’ll see improvements across the board as we learn how to use computers for music reproduction. Software will play an important role. Just look at “Fidelizer” and how it improves the performance of windows based servers. Meridian has their new MQA system for recording and playback. Technology is improving at a rapid rate. And while I use a computer server because I enjoy tweaking, I’m sure dedicated players will be the preferred source in the future.

What are the most important problems now?
I don’t see too many problems. I see plenty of solutions as the Industry matures. Different people are working on better sounding USB PCI cards, some are working on better power supplies – while I’m working on better sounding USB cables. Put it all together, and computer-based audio systems are improving all the time. Music sounds better than ever.

Digital cables, including USB ones, change the signal they transfer thus changing the sound. The nature of these changes as for today is not fully investigated, let alone understood. Today we might discuss the effects of these changes, i.e. How the sound's character is changed. When someone tells you that it is not true, that the digital signal with zeros and ones that is buffered and asynchronously re-clocked on the receiver's end is insensitive to jitter, noise and other distortions you should thank him for a valued input, say good bye and go your own way. That's a theorist who hasn't checked his theory in real life.

There are audible differences between USB cable and not just when you compare one used to connect your printer with an audiophile quality, shielded, with separate 5V run and solid plugs. Differences found in such comparison could be probably explained on engineering level. But the differences are these too when one compares audiophile quality cables coming from different manufacturers, and I mean those who really know what they're doing. Cables utilizing high quality conductors, properly shielded and terminated. Just like in this particular case when I compared Rob Woodland's Curious USB cables with my personal reference Acoustic Revive USB-1.0SPS, with separate runs for signal and power.

Differences – the basics

After years of trying different USB cables out I think that it is possible to describe some general differences introduced by higher quality cables. Obviously it is my opinion that I can back up only with results of my own experiments. But since my findings are the same each time regardless of what cable I listen to I hope that they might help you find your own „golden mean”. It is particularly easy to describe my findings using the best USB cable I ever heard - Curious USB.

When comparing a generic USB cable with one designed for audio the biggest difference should be much better focus offered by the latter. Generic cables deliver quite „dirty” sound. It's like particular sounds could not find their harmony and thus what we get is a disorder that has very little to do with music – and keep in mind that music happens in time. Even the smallest time shifts, either short or long term, ruin a musical spectacle.

The second key difference is in dynamics. Not optimal computer settings, less than optimal signal delivered to DAC, poor quality USB cable – each of these elements decreases dynamics, makes music sound lifeless. That's exactly why I still find files hard to accept as music medium and that's why my digital reference medium is still a CD. And finally – range extension – generic cable rolls off both range extremes. But it does not emphasize midrange, as tube amplifiers do – it just cuts off treble and bass offering nothing in return.

Differences – Curious USB

And now lets put everything I just wrote upside down. Rob's cable is nothing like what I just described. I think you'll find much more interesting my impressions about comparing it to some other, top quality USB cables.

Comparing two high quality cables the differences we find are of much smaller scale. Small shifts in dynamics, range extension, focus are still important but not the most important factors. High quality cables differ with how resolute they are, how selective, how the background of the music is presented, how good is the imaging, how well they present even smallest changes.

Curious USB turned out to be more resolving cable than Acoustic Revive. Differences were not big as Japanese cable was a damn good cable, but they were clearly audible. Sound was more open, more direct. To use a comparison that some of you might find easy to comprehend – if Australian cable was a reel-to-reel Acoustic Revive was a turntable (sound-wise). Both fully capable of delivering amazing performance but not identical.

Curious USB delivers an open sound that is never too bright. Especially when DSD files were played they sounded naturally soft, rich and very realistic, just like the best SACD Players I knew. Bass differentiation was particularly good and it depended on recording and DAC quality. I was truly surprised by its dynamics. I still wasn't able to say that it was much better than usually (from computer I mean), it still wasn't quite it. But for the first time, especially with DSD files, I didn't feel like I was missing something. I wasn't particularly happy about it either – it was just there, presented in a very natural way so it didn't attract any attention.

Summary

After already many years of experience with music files used as a source of music but also to record music (when I worked as producer) I still believe that there is more to discover than we already have. The more we know the more new questions arrive. That is why this “format” becomes more and more interesting from my point of view. There is clear progress and a chance for further development.

We've learned some things already. For example we know that DSD files, either recorded already in this format or transferred from analogue tapes usually sound more natural than PCM files (any PCM ones, even hi-res). Doubling sampling frequency of DSD files further improves sound quality. USB cable's quality is a key to convey all these improvements. That's why such people like Rob Woodland are so important for the future of music reproduction. His cable is a great proof of his understanding of the problem, of his musical sensitivity, and its price about his fairness. Fantastic, outstanding USB cable. Fully deserved RED Fingerprint.

Curious USB comes in hand-made, cartoon box with home-printed yellow label. Inside one finds a cable and a piece of paper with information about USB cables in general and this one in particular. On the inside side of the box cover there is a yellow card with a short instruction informing user that after connecting source with DAC using this cable user should take proper care to keep a copper wire as far from the main cable run in a sleeve as possible.

The cable is pretty flexible. It sports a nice sleeve with some silver elements and yellow endings with brand's logos. What makes it different from most USB cables is a separate, shielded copper wire connecting plugs at both ends. It is a power wire delivering 5 V voltage required by some D/A Converters.

ENYA
Dark Sky Island

Label: Aigle Music | Universal Music UK/Warner Music Japan WPCR-17045
Released: Nov. 20th 2015
Format: Mini LP CD

Dark Sky Island is the 8th studio album by Eithne Ní Bhraonáin, known rather as Enya. Her career started in 1980. She, together with her family, became a member of the band called Clannad. She became really famous after she started her solo career in 1986, when BBC broadcast a TV series called The Celts with music written by her. The album with the soundtrack was initially released under the title Enya (1987), and in 1992 it was re-issued with different cover and title - The Celts. Her best selling album The Watermark with a great hit Orinoco Flow was released in1988. Throughout her carrier she sold more than 80 million records.

She started to work on material for a new album called Dark Sky Island already in 2012. The album's title was inspired by the designation of the island of Sark as the world's first “dark sky island” and a series of poetry books on islands from Roma Ryan The album's title track was the first song to be written for the album and the Echoes In Rain was the last one.

Enya recorded Dark Sky Island with her long-time lyrics Roma Ryan and producer Nicky Ryan. Enya did all vocals and played all instruments except for double bass on Even in the Shadows. The album was released as standard version but also as „Deluxe” one with additional tracks and also on vinyl. It is the first Enya's album released on vinyl since the 1992 re-issue of The Celts. We are reviewing the CD Delux version released by Warner Music Japan.

SOUND

Those who know previous Enya albums will feel very familiar with this one too. Vocalist has created her own style years ago and it's been unmistakable ever since. Leonard Cohen created similarly unmistakable style in men's word. Dark Sky Island is surely more coherent set of tracks that are also more interesting compositions. Among them there are also some hits that are often played on radio.

Sound wise this album reminded me of her debut album Enya. The first release prepared by Nimbus Records was a perfect example of how warmth and selectivity of the sound might be nicely combined. The new album offers similar sound. The soundstage is rendered close to the listener although the vocalist herself is presented sometimes in a very close, palpable way and sometimes deeper in the mix. Sound is rather warm and round. There is not that much depth to the soundstage, but the width is quit impressive. It is the best album Enya released for years and with best sound quality too. It is surely worth having.

enya.com
www.wmg.com

Sound quality: 7-8/10